The article offers a review of directive documents and literature on the topics of children’s health condition and child disability and exposes a correlation between events in the field of health care restructuring, introduction of new standards and rules for the provision of medical and social assistance to children with disabilities characteristic of the child population. The characteristics of childhood disability, risk factors that determine the measures of its prevention are analyzed, which is the main task of the health care system in the context of the problems of the pediatric link. Due to Russia’s transition to international criteria for registration of live births and introduction of legislation on helping children with orphan (rare) diseases the authors look at actualisation of approaches to prevention of child disability associated with perinatal period. Based on implementation into practice of establishing disability for children and providing rehabilitation assistance in accordance with International Classification of Functioning, Disabilities and Health (ICF), measures of tertiary prevention of child disability are revealed. Main directions for improving medical and social assistance to children with disabilities are shown.

Rationale and aim of the study. The incidence of diseases of the skin and subcutaneous tissue is in the forth place in the Russian Federation. The aim of the study is to investigate the prevalence and incidence of diseases of the skin and subcutaneous tissue, the structure and dynamics of medical care provided to the population of three age groups in 2010– 2020.
Materials and methods. Analysis of national statistical monitoring data and rates calculated for 2010–2020. The calculations and analysis were carried out for the entire population of the Russian Federation, and for the population of three age groups: children 0–17 years old, adults of working age and adults of over working age using the approach approved by Federal State Statistics Service.
Results. In 2010–2019 there was a decrease in the number and incidence of diseases of the skin and subcutaneous tissue among children and adults of working age. In the structure of diseases of the skin and subcutaneous tissue, the proportion of diseases among population over working age is increasing. The number of 24-hour hospital admissions for diseases of the skin is decreasing among children and adults of working age. In contrast, there was an increase in the number of skin diseases and hospital admissions of patients over the working age.
Conclusion. In the Russian Federation, the highest prevalence and incidence rates of diseases of the skin and subcutaneous tissue are registered in the group of children 0–17 years old. At the same time, there is a steady decline of both rates among population of this age group. There is an increase in the number of diseases and as a consequence in the need and volume of specialized medical care in 24-hour hospitals provided to the population of over the working age. The COVID-19 pandemic has led to decrease in prevalence and incidence rates, and number of hospital admissions for skin diseases similar in three age groups.

The geriatric service is one of the most actively developing areas of practical healthcare in the Voronezh region.
The purpose of the study. To analyze the work of the geriatric service of the Voronezh region.
Materials and methods. The material for this work was the annual reports of the chief freelance specialist-geriatrician of the Voronezh region. Results. Currently, there are 22 geriatric offices in the Voronezh Region (in 11 outpatient clinics of the city and in 11 district hospitals of the Voronezh region). Geriatric 140 beds have been deployed in two hospitals in the city of Voronezh and in 6 district hospitals. 44 doctors underwent primary retraining in the specialty of geriatrics.
Conclusion. The analysis of the quality of medical care in the profile of “geriatrics” in the Voronezh region showed that the management of patients mainly corresponds to the clinical recommendations of “Senile asthenia”, the identification and accounting of elderly and senile citizens in need of medical and social support is actively carried out, a multidisciplinary approach has been introduced that allows to form an individual patient management plan with active involvement social services.

Since 2021, Turkmenistan has been vaccinating the population against COVID-19. The aim of the work is a comparative analisis of the effectiveness of vaccines against SARS–CoV-2 used in mass vaccination of the population in the development of population immunity.
Research materials. The blood serum of 960 people vaccinated with “Sputnik-lite” or “BIOvac” was used in the work.
Conclusion. 3 months after revaccination, 100 % of vaccinated patients have a high level of specific IgG antibodies in their blood serum. A comparative analysis of the effectiveness of two vaccines “Sputnik-lite” and “BIOvac”, showed that a longer immune response persists after the introduction of the vaccine “Sputnik-lite”.

The interests of society and the modern rhythm of life have shifted the focus towards early rehabilitation, including surgical rehabilitation, and predetermined requirements of functional activity and quality of life in all age groups.
The purpose of study – search for ways to optimize the organization of the traumatological and orthopedic service, taking into account the age continuity of nosologies and the inclusion of subgroups of orthopedic diseases of childhood, degenerative diseases, destructive, incl. tumor and traumatic in the model proposed by the authors.
Material and methods. Forms of Federal Statistical Observation. The evaluation criteria were data on the prevalence of musculoskeletal diseases for 2019.
Results and discussion. An analysis of the primary diagnosis of the orthopedic pathology by regions of the Russian Federation showed extreme variability, and the availability of care does not depend on the population and billing in the regions. The monetary value of the treatment of both planned and urgent pathology has shortcomings in standardization and harmonization between regions. The authors substantiate the new “3DT” organizational concept as the basis for a stable and understandable model of the country’s traumatology and orthopedic service for administrators and the population. The model identifies four areas of directions for assessing the pathology of the musculoskeletal system: “D1” (“children’s” diseases and their outcomes); “D2” (degenerative and involutive pathology); “D3” (destructive diseases of tumor or infectious pathology); “T” (trauma of and its consequences), which have fundamentally different approaches to the organization and planning of medical care.
Conclusion. The directions of the “3DT” model require different approaches to the organization of medical care. Groups “D1” and “D2” must be implemented through national (federal) programs, for groups “D3” and “T” the approach of payment for the completed case is applicable. In each sector, it is necessary to indicate the basic, additional and optional amount of assistance. The target indicator for the stability and effectiveness of the model for organizing specialized assistance should be considered to be the provision of a basic level, and the possibility of financing additional assistance cannot be at the expense of providing basic assistance.