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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">natszdrav</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Национальное здравоохранение</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>National Health Care (Russia)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2713-069X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2713-0703</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47093/2713-069X.2025.6.4.14-22</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">natszdrav-534</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЩЕСТВЕННОЕ ЗДОРОВЬЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PUBLIC HEALTH</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Региональные индексы и общая смертность в Российской Федерации: общие тенденции ассоциаций в 2005–2022 годах и влияние COVID-19</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Regional indices and total mortality in the Russian Federation: general trends of associations in 2005–2022 and the impact of  COVID-19</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0545-2586</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Максимов</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Maksimov</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Максимов Сергей Алексеевич – д-р мед. наук, доцент, руководитель лаборатории геопространственных и средовых факторов здоровья отдела эпидемиологии хронических неинфекционных заболеваний</p><p>Петроверигский пер., д. 10, стр. 3, Москва, 101990</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey A. Maksimov – Dr. of Sci. (Medicine), Associate Professor, Head of the Laboratory of Geospatial and Environmental Health Factors, Department of Epidemiology of Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases</p><p>Petroverigsky Lane, 10, bld. 3, Moscow, 101990</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">m1979sa@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8058-1081</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Имаева</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Imaeva</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Имаева Наталия Александровна – канд. мед. наук, доцент кафедры общественного здоровья и методики профессионального образования</p><p>Петроверигский пер., д. 10, стр. 3, Москва, 101990</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalia A. Imaeva – Cand. of Sci. (Medicine), Associate Professor, Department of Public Health and Methodology of Professional Education</p><p>Petroverigsky Lane, 10, bld. 3, Moscow, 101990</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2087-6483</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шальнова</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shalnova</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шальнова Светлана Анатольевна – д-р мед. наук, профессор, руководитель отдела эпидемиологии хронических неинфекционных заболеваний</p><p>Петроверигский пер., д. 10, стр. 3, Москва, 101990</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Svetlana A. Shalnova – Dr. of Sci. (Medicine), Professor, Head of Department of Epidemiology of Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases</p><p>Petroverigsky Lane, 10, bld. 3, Moscow, 101990</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр терапии и профилактической медицины» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Medical Research Centre for Therapy and Preventive Medicine</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>16</day><month>01</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>6</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>14</fpage><lpage>22</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Максимов С.А., Имаева Н.А., Шальнова С.А., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Максимов С.А., Имаева Н.А., Шальнова С.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Maksimov S.A., Imaeva N.A., Shalnova S.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.natszdrav.ru/jour/article/view/534">https://www.natszdrav.ru/jour/article/view/534</self-uri><abstract><p>Региональные различия условий проживания могут оказывать влияние на состояние здоровья человека, что необходимо учитывать при решении широкого круга задач практического здравоохранения. В России не проводилась оценка влияния комплекса региональных условий на показатели общественного здоровья в рамках единых методологических подходов за длительный временной период.</p><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования. Анализ ассоциаций общей смертности с региональными индексами в период 2005–2022 гг., с оценкой влияния пандемии COVID-19. </p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В качестве условий проживания населения использовались 4 региональных индекса, характеризующих территории России в 2005–2022 гг. с социально-экономических, демографических и промышленно-экологических позиций. Общие коэффициенты смертности за аналогичный период получены с официального сайта Федеральной службы государственной статистики. Для оценки ассоциаций применялась линейная регрессия, с корректировкой на медико-организационные характеристики регионов. </p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. В подавляющем большинстве анализируемых лет общая смертность статистически значимо ассоциируется с демографическими и социально-экономическими, но не с промышленно-экологическими условиями проживания в регионах. Наиболее сильные обратные ассоциации демонстрирует Демографический индекс, увеличение которого на 1 единицу статистически значимо снижает коэффициент общей смертности на 2–3 единицы. В период пандемии COVID-19, в 2020–2021 гг., отмечается усиление ассоциаций Демографического и Экономического индексов с последующим возвратом в 2022 г. к доковидным значениям. Выявленные тенденции характерны как при количественном, так и при качественном представлении региональных индексов, а также при смещении (лаге) рассматриваемых показателей.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Проведенное исследование позволило констатировать многолетние устойчивые ассоциации демографических, экономических и социальных региональных характеристик с общей смертностью. Существенное изменение силы ассоциаций региональных индексов с общей смертностью в 2019–2021 гг. характеризует пандемию COVID-19 в качестве мощного фактора общественного здоровья.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Regional differences in living conditions can affect human health, which must be taken into account when solving a wide range of practical health problems. In Russia, the impact of a set of regional conditions on public health indicators has not been assessed within the framework of unifi ed methodological approaches over a long period of time.</p><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. To analyze associations of total mortality with regional indices in the period 2005–2022, with an assessment of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. Four regional indices characterizing the territories of Russia in 2005–2022 from socio-economic, demographic and industrial-ecological positions were used as living conditions of the population. Total mortality rates for the same period were obtained from the official website of the Federal State Statistics Service. To assess the associations, linear regression was used, adjusted for the medical and organizational characteristics of the regions.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. In the vast majority of the analyzed years, total mortality is statistically significantly associated with demographic and socio-economic, but not with industrial and ecological living conditions in the regions. The strongest inverse associations are demonstrated by the Demographic Index, an increase in which by 1 unit statistically signifi cantly reduces the total mortality rate by 2–3 units. During the COVID-19 pandemic, in 2020–2021, there was an increase in the associations of the Demographic and Economic indices, with a subsequent return to pre-COVID values  in 2022. The identified trends are characteristic of both quantitative and qualitative presentation of regional indices, as well as with a shift (lag) of the indicators under consideration.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The study allowed us to state long-term stable associations of demographic, economic and social regional characteristics with total mortality. A significant change in the strength of associations of regional indices with total mortality in 2019–2021 characterizes the COVID-19 pandemic as a powerful public health factor.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>региональные условия</kwd><kwd>среда обитания</kwd><kwd>смертность</kwd><kwd>общественное здоровье</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>regional conditions</kwd><kwd>environment</kwd><kwd>mortality</kwd><kwd>public health</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование проведено в рамках государственного задания № 124013100902-3.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was conducted within the framework of a state assignment Nо. 124013100902-3.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кобякова О.С., Шибалков И.П., Соломатников И.А. и др. 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PMID: 26318213</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
