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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">natszdrav</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Национальное здравоохранение</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>National Health Care (Russia)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2713-069X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2713-0703</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47093/2713-069X.2025.6.4.5-13</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">natszdrav-533</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЩЕСТВЕННОЕ ЗДОРОВЬЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PUBLIC HEALTH</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние медицинских и социально-экономических факторов на отказ от обращения за медицинской помощью</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The impact of medical and socioeconomic factors on refusal to seek medical care</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8582-7223</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Страдымов</surname><given-names>Ф. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Stradymov</surname><given-names>F. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Страдымов Федор Иванович – главный специалист управления стратегического развития здравоохранения</p><p>ул. Добролюбова, д. 11, г. Москва, 127254</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Fedor I. Stradymov – Chief Specialist, Department of Strategic Health Development</p><p>Dobrolyubova str., 11, Moscow, 127254</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">stradymovfi@mednet.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5044-4836</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чигрина</surname><given-names>В. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chigrina</surname><given-names>V. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Чигрина Валерия Петровна – ведущий специалист управления стратегического развития здравоохранения</p><p>ул. Добролюбова, д. 11, г. Москва, 127254</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Valeriya P. Chigrina – Leading specialist, Department of Strategic Health Development</p><p>Dobrolyubova str., 11, Moscow, 127254</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9174-6419</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тюфилин</surname><given-names>Д. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tyufilin</surname><given-names>D. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тюфилин Денис Сергеевич – начальник управления стратегического развития здравоохранения</p><p>ул. Добролюбова, д. 11, г. Москва, 127254</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Denis S. Tyufilin – Head of the Department of Strategic Health Development</p><p>Dobrolyubova str., 11, Moscow, 127254</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Центральный научно-исследовательский институт организации и информатизации здравоохранения» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Research Institute of Health</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>16</day><month>01</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>6</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>5</fpage><lpage>13</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Страдымов Ф.И., Чигрина В.П., Тюфилин Д.С., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Страдымов Ф.И., Чигрина В.П., Тюфилин Д.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Stradymov F.I., Chigrina V.P., Tyufilin D.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.natszdrav.ru/jour/article/view/533">https://www.natszdrav.ru/jour/article/view/533</self-uri><abstract><p>В настоящий момент не изучены данные о комплексном влиянии различных факторов, в особенности медицинских и социально-экономических, на принятие решения о своевременном обращении в медицинскую организацию.</p><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Выявить особенности поведения граждан Российской Федерации при возникновении медицинских проблем и факторы, влияющие на них.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Применялся специально разработанный опросник по оценке поведения граждан при возникновении у них медицинских проблем, включающий вопросы об общей характеристике респондентов (12 вопросов) и аспектах оказания медицинской помощи (17 вопросов). Для статистической обработки результатов исследования использовался пакет программ Statistica for Windows 10.0, Stata и R-studio.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. В исследовании приняли участие 2717 респондентов старше 18 лет из 85 субъектов Российской Федерации. Медианный возраст респондентов составлял 42,4 года. Большая часть респондентов (64,8 %) ответили, что при возникновении проблем со здоровьем они обращались к врачу, что характеризовалось как рациональное медицинское поведение. Около трети (29,4 %) предпочитали лечиться самостоятельно, применяя лекарства и «народные средства»; 4,5 % не делали ничего, думая, что заболевание «пройдет само», и 0,6 % предпочитали обращаться к людям, лечащим нетрадиционными средствами, что относилось к нерациональному медицинскому поведению. Наибольшая доля респондентов, демонстрирующих нерациональное медицинское поведение, отмечена среди лиц 35–44 лет, с низким финансовым положением, никогда не состоявших в браке, безработных, не желающих иметь детей. Медицинскими факторами нерационального медицинского поведения определены недоверие к системе здравоохранения, а также низкая приверженность лечению и профилактике заболеваний. Фактором рационального медицинского поведения являлся высокий уровень удовлетворенности последним посещением медицинской организации.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Медицинские и социально-экономические факторы, выявленные в ходе проведения настоящего исследования, являются управляемыми со стороны системы здравоохранения и представляют ценность для разработки мероприятий, способствующих рациональному медицинскому поведению.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Current research lacks a comprehensive analysis of the complex relationship between various factors, particularly socioeconomic and medical, and the decision-making process to seek immediate admission to healthcare facilities.</p><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. To identify behavioral patterns among citizens of the Russian Federation when facing medical issues and the factors influencing them.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. A specially designed questionnaire was used to assess citizens’ behavior in response to medical problems, including sections on respondents’ general characteristics (12 questions) and aspects of healthcare provision (17 questions). Statistical analysis was performed using Statistica for Windows 10.0, Stata, and R-Studio.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The study involved a sample of 2,717 respondents aged 18 and over from 85 regions of the Russian Federation. The median age of the participants was 42.4 years. The majority of respondents (64.8 %) reported seeking professional medical help when health issues arose, which was characterized as rational health behavior. Approximately one-third (29.4 %) preferred self-treatment using pharmaceuticals and “folk remedies”, while 4.5 % took no action, believing the illness would “resolve on its own”. A small proportion (0.6 %) sought assistance from individuals practicing non-traditional methods. These latter three patterns were classifi ed as irrational health behavior. The highest proportion of respondents demonstrating irrational healthcare-seeking behavior was observed among individuals aged 35–44, those with low fi nancial status, never-married individuals, the unemployed, and those unwilling to have children. Medical factors contributing to irrational behavior included distrust in the healthcare system and low adherence to treatment and disease prevention. A high level of satisfaction with the most recent visit to a healthcare facility was identified as a factor promoting rational healthcare-seeking behavior.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The medical and socio-economic factors associated with rational healthcare-seeking behavior identified in this study are modifiable by the healthcare system and hold value for developing interventions aimed at promoting appropriate medical care utilization.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>факторы</kwd><kwd>отказ</kwd><kwd>обращение к врачу</kwd><kwd>население</kwd><kwd>Российская Федерация</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>factors</kwd><kwd>refusal</kwd><kwd>consulting a physician</kwd><kwd>population</kwd><kwd>Russian Federation</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Каримова Л.К, Гимаева З.Ф., Бакиров А.Б. и др. Внезапная смерть на рабочем месте от общих заболеваний и меры профилактики (на примере Республики Башкортостан). Пермский медицинский журнал. 2021; 38(1): 123–134. https://doi.org/10.17816/pmj381123-134. 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